Integration of the two is the only way for the development of abrasives industry

Integration of the two is the depth of the combination of high levels of information technology and industrialization, refers to information technology to stimulate industrialization, promotion of information technology, taking a new road to industrialization; integration of the two is the core of information technology support, the pursuit cutting wheel  of sustainable development.
  Promote the integration of information technology and industrialization depth is a major initiative to accelerate the transformation of development mode, promote the simultaneous development of the four modernizations, is to take the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, the inevitable choice. At present, China is in a crucial period of industrial transformation and upgrading, an increasingly competitive international industry, lack of core competitiveness, resource and environmental constraints, rising costs and other factors have become increasingly prominent. The new round of global technological revolution and the industrial division of cutting and grinding disc  the existing challenges to adjust China's industrial development, but also realize the opportunities to catch up. At present, China abrasives industry is facing low-grade products, overcapacity, low levels of management, research and development is weak, money shortage, labor shortage, and many other difficulties. Promote the integration of information technology and industrialization depth, using information technology to stimulate industrialization, promotion of information technology, for the abrasives industry to break the bottleneck of current development, industrial upgrading and transformation, has very important significance. Abrasives are used as the basis of China's industrial upgrading, most enterprises are still in the ground from the traditional to the modern industrial restructuring industrial history stage, not only in enhancing industrial upgrading equipment, process technology, but also in the "integration of the two." To greatly enhance the  quick change disc core capability of independent innovation.
 Upgrade the road of abrasives must go "fusion" of the road.
  However, the current overall environment of abrasives industry is industrialization and information belong to the two major areas of expertise, it comes to managing information technology, many software companies are still in the software CD by buying, selling state license, the software as a tool not may consciously completed "fusion", and rely on the business side to achieve great difficulty and risk, resulting in a single consulting and software implementation of a single boundary obviously, industrialization and informatization "mismatch" problems. When an enterprise is information and information technology, advanced information technology can not force China into advanced manufacturing innovation, we must explore a new model to realize the "two of integration".

the quality of the merits of using good quality abrasives

the quality of the merits of using good quality abrasives , grinding wheels , high quality, reflected in the more expensive price . As the domestic high-grade bauxite resource depletion , a variety of raw materials and coal prices rise every year , plus the forced shut  standard abrasives down the big energy saving environment, corundum prices are rising fast, from time to time will be in short supply. How rational use of abrasive, improve market competitiveness, corporate grind most important technology considerations.
The best solution is the core part of the thin wheel is not involved in the cutting action of poor quality with low prices instead of the secondary abrasive , full -quality abrasive cutting performance and reduce manufacturing costs . This approach resin bolts and large  Sanding Sheets diameter cylindrical grinding wheel resin wheel has been widely used . For thin wheel , since the middle of the network , the bottom and the top to separate feeding, if the external and the core also step feeding, in the process to achieve it quite difficult, yet can only look forward to the future , if successful, reduce costs, profit improvement , for the manufacture of thin wheel is undoubtedly a far-reaching " revolution ."
Compare prices now wear suitable strategy is for the various consumer groups, made ​​according to the different grades of abrasive abrasive products , the best thin abrasive wheel is used in most need , avoiding the production of high-grade and low-grade abrasive wheel as possible cut off disc  best use , at an increased cost of the premise, a great effort , each grade products have done " extreme ."
High-grade sheet wheel stable, targeted, repeatability, the production level commonly used sand , and even special products to use zirconium corundum , calcined alumina abrasive and post-processing . Dominated by imported products on the market , most cost-effective production of high sheet is not high , not discrimination , pertinence , still need further research and development efforts .

Stone Tools: low hardness grinding wheel should be high hardness workpiece

Grinding is the grinder as a cutting tool for machining a workpiece with a grinding wheel method. The method is characterized by:
(1) Since the abrasive wheel itself has high hardness and heat resistance, and therefore the grinding can be processed high hardness materials such as hardened steel, cemented carbide.
(2) determine the characteristics  quick change disc and grinding wheel grinding system can make even trace cutting, general ap = 0.001 ~ 0.005mm; high grinding speeds, generally up to v = 30 ~ 50m / s; grinder stiffness; using hydraulic transmission, so grinding can economically obtain high precision (IT6 ~ IT5) and small surface roughness (Ra = 0.8 ~ 0.2μm). Grinding is one of the main methods for finishing parts. (3) Due to intense friction, leaving the high grinding zone temperature. This causes stress and deformation of the workpiece, causing the surface burns. Therefore must inject a lot of grinding coolant to reduce the grinding temperature. Coolant can also play chip and lubrication. (4) a large radial force when grinding. This will cause the machine - elastic workpiece concession system, the actual depth of cut is less than the nominal depth of cut - wheel. Therefore grinding to be accomplished, the light should not enter the knife mill, to eliminate errors.
(5) After the blunt abrasive grinding force also increased, resulting in grains or broken off, exposing sharp edge again, this feature is called "self-sharpening." Self-sharpening of the grinding time can be within a normal, but over a certain time after the work should be carried out manually trimmed to avoid grinding force increases causing vibration, noise and damage to the workpiece surface.
Grinding wheel
The cutting tool is a grinding wheel, which consists of many small and hard abrasive grains and a binder made of  cutting and grinding disc the porous body stick. Directly responsible abrasive cutting work must be sharp and have high hardness, heat resistance and a toughness. Commonly used abrasives are aluminum oxide (also known as corundum) and silicon carbide two kinds. Alumina abrasive class high hardness, good toughness, suitable for grinding steel material. Silicon carbide abrasive hardness higher class, more sharp, good thermal conductivity, but more brittle, suitable for grinding cast iron and alloy.
Also suitable abrasive grinding wheel, due to its different thickness, surface roughness and the workpiece after the machining efficiency is not the same, for the coarse grinding of coarse grains, fine abrasive grains, the more coarse abrasives, the smaller the grain size number.
Binding agents from bonded abrasive effect. The binding agent used is a ceramic, followed by the resin binder. Different materials selected from binders, impact wheel corrosion resistance, strength, heat resistance and toughness.
The more firmly bonded abrasive, the more difficult to fall from the wheel, said wheel on the hardness, the hardness of the wheel is the ease of abrasive grinding wheel surface under loads shedding. Off easily called soft, otherwise known as hard. The hardness of the abrasive grinding wheel hardness are two different concepts. Was softer workpiece surface grinding, abrasive edge (corners) it is not easy to wear, so that time can be longer abrasive used, that some of the optional bonding firm wheel (high hardness wheel). Conversely, low hardness grinding wheel for high hardness of the workpiece.
Wheel at high speed work, in order to ensure safety, should be checked prior to installation, there should be no cracks and other defects; To make the wheel steady, balancing test should be carried out before use.
After some time working wheel, the surface voids are clogged debris, abrasive acute angle will be blunt, the original geometry is distorted. Must be trimmed and cutting ability to restore the correct geometry. Pen diamond grinding wheel dressing required.
Structure and surface grinder grinding motion
Many different types of grinders, mainly surface grinder, cylindrical grinder, the grinder, universal cylindrical grinding machine (also grind the hole), gear grinding, thread grinding machine, rail grinding, centerless grinder (grinding cylindrical) and tool grinder ( grinding tool) and so on. Here surface grinder and movement.
1 Surface grinding machine structure (with M7120A, for example, where: M - class machine grinder; 71 - horizontal axis moments desktop surface grinder; 20 - Working table width is 200mm; A - the first major improvements (. 1) wheel frame - install wheel and drive wheel for high-speed rotation, wheel frame can slide along the dovetail guide for manual or hydraulic lateral movement gap (2) slide - Install wheel frame and drive along the column wheel frame rails up and down movement.
(3) Column - bearing slide and wheel frame.
(4) Bench - installation piece by reciprocating linear motion of the hydraulic system drive for.
(5) bed - supporting bench, install  portable belt other components. (6) Coolant system - providing coolant (saponification oil) to the grinding zone. (7) hydraulic system - its components are: 1) power components - as pumps, hydraulic system pressure oil supply;
2) implementation of components - as fuel tanks, and other components to drive the table movement; 3) control elements - for a variety of valves, the control pressure, speed, direction, etc.; 4) of the auxiliary element - such as fuel tanks, pressure gauges. Hydraulic and mechanical drive compared with the smooth transmission, can overload protection can be achieved in a larger range of variable speed advantages.
2. Surface grinding motion (1) the main movement - high speed rotary motion wheel. (2) the feed movement
1) vertical feed - table driven reciprocating linear motion of the workpiece; 2) vertical feed - wheel to move the workpiece depth direction; 3) infeed - Wheel gap movement along its axis.

grinding large enough to prevent microscopic peeling

cbn at high temperature to 2000 ℃ was still with excellent red hardness .
cbn is a hardness second only to diamond superhard cutting tool materials ,

usually in the processing of the abrasive sanding belt  material hardness greater than 48HRC works

best when ( machining soft materials cbn wear out quickly ) . cbn at high

temperature to 2000 ℃ was still with excellent red hardness . Although cbn

more brittle than cemented carbide , and the thermal and chemical stability

than the ceramic , but it has a higher than ceramic cutting tools impact

strength and crack resistance , and low rigidity of the machine is also able

to cut hard metals. In addition, custom- cbn proper power tool can withstand

rough cutting load, intermittent cutting blows and finishing the required

high temperature and abrasion resistance . Appropriate for the specified

customization processes including machine and fixture rigidity , edge

grinding large enough to prevent microscopic peeling , and the tool base body

is a high content of grade cbn . cbn  metal cutting wheel grade high content of these specified

processes are required, because they have high speed under heavy load

conditions edge machining requirements of high thermal resistance and

toughness and for severe intermittent cutting . These properties make this

material is used as a tool material grade roughing of hardened steel and

pearlitic gray cast iron .
low content of material grades cbn cbn content than the more brittle grades ,

but they are used when machining hardened cut off wheel  ferrous better performance . They

have a lower thermal conductivity and a relatively higher withstand high-

speed cutting and the negative rake  angle of the compressive strength of the

heat generated . Higher cutting zone temperature can help soften the

workpiece material and chip breaking , while negative rake angle can enhance

the tool cutting edge stability , improve tool life and allows depth of cut

is less than 0.25mm . Because the tool can cbn surface finish of better than

0.4μm and maintain concentricity of ± 0.012mm

Common types of machining tools Abrasives

Is for abrasive grinding , grinding and polishing tools . Most of the abrasive is made ​​of abrasive plus artificial abrasive binding agent , is also useful natural mineral rock directly processed into natural abrasive. In addition to grinding and other metal processing machinery manufacturing industry has been widely used , but also for food processing, paper industry and the ceramics, glass, stone, plastic , rubber, wood and other velcro disc  non-metal materials processing.
 Abrasive in use , when the blunt abrasive , because the abrasive agent or a combination of its own to break fracture , the abrasive grain from the partial or complete loss , the working surface of the abrasive grinding emerging new cutting edge , sharp or continuously exposing new abrasive grains , the abrasive can be maintained within a certain time cutting . This self -sharpening abrasive is abrasive tool compared with the general prominent feature .
As early as the Neolithic Age , humans had already started to process the application of natural stone knives , stone axes , bone , horn , and tools such as a tooth ; 1872 , appeared in the United States with natural abrasives combined with clay firing ceramic grinding wheel ; 1900 years ago, the advent of artificial abrasives , using artificial abrasives manufacturing have produced a variety of abrasives for grinding and grinding create the conditions for rapid development . Since then , natural abrasive in  standard abrasives the abrasive proportion gradually reduced.
Abrasives source of their raw materials , with natural and artificial abrasive abrasive categories. Commonly used in machinery industry is only natural abrasive Whetstone . Artificial abrasive characteristics according to the basic shape and structure of the distinction between a grinding wheel, grinding , stone, sand tile ( the foregoing collectively referred abrasive ) and coated abrasives five . In addition , it is customary also put abrasives abrasive as a class .
Bonded Abrasives are used by different abrasives can be divided into ordinary abrasive abrasive and superabrasive abrasive . The former corundum and silicon carbide and other common abrasive, the latter with diamond and cubic boron nitride and other superhard abrasive material. In addition, there is a particular species , such as sintered corundum abrasives . By ordinary abrasive abrasive abrasive solid binding agent to form a certain shape common , and has a certain strength abrasive. Generally abrasive , binder and pore structure, these three parts are frequently referred to as the three elements of abrasive . Abrasive abrasive cutting action play . Binding agent is a solid form of the abrasive loose abrasive materials , with inorganic and organic types . Inorganic binder with ceramic , magnesite , sodium silicate and the like; organic a resin , rubber and shellac . One of the most commonly used is a ceramic , resin and rubber binding agent.
Hole in the ground when debris from the role of the chip and the chip , and can accommodate coolant, helps grinding heat dissipation . To meet the requirements of certain special processing , the pores can be impregnated with certain fillers such as sulfur and paraffin , so as to improve the abrasive performance. Such fillers , also known as the fourth element of the abrasive .
Means a common abrasive abrasive characteristics of the project are : shape, size abrasive , grain size, hardness, structure and bonding agent. Abrasive abrasive hardness refers to the external force from the abrasive surface of the shedding of degree of difficulty, it reflects the strength of binding agent holding abrasive .
The hardness of the abrasive agent is added depends on the amount of binding and the density of abrasive , abrasive grains easily fall off indication low hardness ; vice versa , which means high hardness. Hardness level is generally divided into super-soft , soft, medium soft , medium, medium-hard , hard and superhard seven magnitude, from these levels can be subdivided in a number of small magnitude. Abrasive hardness measurement methods are more commonly used hand cone , mechanical cone method , Rockwell hardness measurement method and sandblasting assay .
The hardness of the abrasive and its dynamic modulus of elasticity has a corresponding relationship, which is conducive to the audio abrasive measured dynamic elastic modulus of said abrasive tools . In the grinding process , if they are grinding workpiece material hardness, generally used in low hardness abrasive ; Conversely , the selection of high hardness abrasive.
Grinding of crude into tight , medium and loose categories. Each category can be further subdivided and number , with the numbers to differentiate between organizations . Abrasives organization number greater share of the abrasive grinding smaller volume percentage , the  sanding roll wider the gap between the grains , which means that more loose tissue . On the contrary, the smaller the number of organizations expressed more tightly organized . Loose organization is not easy to use abrasive passivation less heat during grinding , the workpiece can reduce heat deformation and burns. Tight organization abrasive grit easy to fall off , helps maintain the abrasive geometry. Abrasives organization only in the manufacture of abrasive formulations are controlled by , generally do not make determination .
Abrasive abrasive is dominated by diamond, cubic boron nitride and a binder to form a solid abrasive. Because diamond, cubic boron nitride high price , with good abrasion resistance , they are made ​​with abrasive abrasive abrasive different from ordinary , except superhard abrasive layer , there are transition layer and the substrate .
Superabrasive layer is a cutting action from the part of the super abrasive grains and a binding agent. Substrate is in the grinding support care role played by the metal , bakelite or ceramic materials. Transition for connecting the substrate and superhard abrasive layer, the binding agent and, sometimes, may be omitted . A resin binder commonly used , metal, plated metal , and ceramics.

Sand on the disc manufacturing process

 Disc sanding disc sand is a short, a habit , it is called . Disc sand is sandpaper, sandpaper is the conversion of a product , the shape is a circle , which is a sandpaper volume  abrasive disc is down , or double-sided adhesive bonding , and then put extraordinary punching machine with a circular mold cutting, stamping out of the product is the disc sand , also called velvet brushed back piece . Disc sand from stickers to classify compounds can be divided into two types , adhesive disc sand and Velcro disc sand ( alias self-adhesive disc sand and brushed disc sand ) ; ' brushed disc sand but also for non-porous and perforated brushed brushed disc sandpaper sandpaper disc . Perforated disc sand facilitates polished object debris discharged from the hole , forward grinding efficiency. There are some other categories preparation , such as by size big and small , a common 4 inches , 5 inches, 6 inches in diameter disc sand , sand disc diameter usable area 23mm --- 235mm. There disc sand from sand surface to the classification , a common side disc sand white sand , red sand surface disc sand , sand surface disc sand , there is a rare , blue sand surface disc sand , green sand surface disc sand . As well as from the raw material on the disc sandpaper classified into  standard abrasives silicon carbide and corundum disc disc sandpaper sandpaper , silicon carbide sandpaper disc can be divided into black and green silicon carbide and silicon carbide sandpaper disc disc sandpaper . Corundum sandpaper disc can be divided , popular corundum disc sand , calcined corundum sand , corundum disc sand plated iridium , semi- brittle corundum disc sand and so on. Disc grit number is divided into 40 # 60 # 80 # 100 # 120 # 150 # 180 # 220 # 240 # 320 # 360 # 400 # 600 # 800 # 1000 # 1200 # 1500 # 2000 # 3000 # 4000 # 5000 #
 Disc sand is the property of supplies , the master may not appreciate it , but do not despise disc sand Yeah, disc sand broad-scale operation . From the shuttle to our use of mobile phones and computers , to be used in the production process sandpaper disc , part of the space shuttle parts go through Suimi sandpaper sanding disc , as well as the body , before going in spray paint sand with a sanding disc should not flash paint  cutting and grinding disc stripping . Take our laptops in terms of the most common , can have so mysterious appearance of color adopted , can not afford to be less polished disc Suimi sand . There can be used for metal parts, plastics, electronics, auto parts , furniture, handicrafts polished. Meanwhile , disc sanding products are very efficient compared to the practice hand sanded fast, convenient, inexpensive

How to deal with the process of using belt fracture

Belt in the use of the process there will inevitably be broken problem , how to deal with this problem to solve it ?
1 , belt joints strong, cracking, strengthen the quality control of the production , to meet the needs of users
2, the belt tension is too large, the flap wheel   adjustment of the tension of the working load does not slip , the smaller the better tension
3 , when installed in the transport belt or wrinkles or edge damage before installation to check the quality of appearance , when installed in the correct mode of operation for
4, working too much pressure, reduced pressure
5 , the cutting too deep , friction heat accumulation , reduce the cutting depth or feed rate , or the use of coolant or cooling means
6 , the external debris into the belt and  sandpaper roll rollers or between the plates , remove debris, high performance dust extraction is the best preventive measures
7 , belt excessive vibration , selection of low hardness contact wheel , checking the quality of the machine vibration or belt
8, the contact roller cone ; contact roller or graphite pad is not parallel with the base removed grinding roller cone ; re-install, maintain the parallel
9 , the machine does not operate properly , the trip switch crashed belt maintenance equipment ( special attention to the paper-based belt )
10 , the workpiece thickness difference is too large or partially overlapping shock belt installation for overlapping plates and oversized portions guards
Automatic belt drive wheel has the cut off disc  role of self-sharpening wheel with automatic belt machine self-sharpening effect , large machining , if the tool wear, cutting can not normally proceed, you must re- sharpening knives, cut the situation is different hemp because the grinding wheel on a hard material cutting edge formed at the tip of abrasive particles , when the micro- abrasive blade becomes blunt , the role of a large force on the abrasive grains increases, the grains is locally crushed to form new micro blade or Zhengliao off exposing new abrasive micro blade to work to regain the kind of cutting edge sharp peak effect is called automatic belt drive with self-sharpening effect.

Belt grinding belt use of high speed machining annular

Belt grinding belt use of high-speed operation of the ring workpiece surface grinding . Generally on the belt grinder .
  Elastic belt around a certain pressure on the wheel and the idler wheel by wheel-drive rotary press for nonwoven belt  continuous cutting movement of the workpiece on the belt or table for the movement when the workpiece belt or under the wheels by pressing grinding zone , i.e., a thin layer of belt material rubbed . cutting grinding belt is generally 20 to 30 m / s, the grinding pressure of 20 to 30 MPa. grinding belt can be effectively remove the workpiece surface rough, but not precise grinding grooves and corners, suitable for processing flat, curved and shaped surfaces. grinding forming surface ( such as turbine blade surface ) , can be used with the workpiece surface matching type forming shaped contact wheel or the support plate , the flexible belt and the workpiece to maintain a uniform contact pressure ( Figure 2 ) . belt grinding accuracy is generally the size of 0.02 mm, up ceramic belt  to 3 microns , such as fine-grained abrasive belt grinding , surface roughness up Ra1.25 ~ 0.16 microns.
Why should abrasive belt grinding belt grinding process flexibility , adaptability , which manifested in:
1 , belt grinding can be very easily used for plane , the cylindrical surface grinding and complexity of design of a belt grinding device as a function of components can be mounted on the ceramic flap disc car lathe grinding can also be fitted use the planer , but also can be designed into a variety of dedicated grinder. use this feature belt grinding can easily solve some difficult machining parts, such as long , oversized shaft and flat parts precision machining.
    2 , belt substrate , abrasives , adhesives have a range of choices that can adapt to various uses. Abrasive particle size , length and width of a variety of specifications , and a roll , ring , etc. forms are available.

Analytical chemical inertness CBN diamond grinding wheel

 Analytical chemical inertness CBN diamond grinding wheel (A) chemical inertness. Cubic boron nitride and iron group elements is not easy to produce a chemical reaction, so for a variety of cutting disc   high-speed steel, tool steel, tool steel, high alloy hardened steel, chromium steel, nickel alloys, powder metallurgy steel and high temperature alloys such as high  temperature, high hardness , low thermal conductivity of the material is very suitable for grinding.
(2) good thermal conductivity. CBN grinding wheel corundum thermal conductivity up to several hundred times, and thus be able to export the grinding heat quickly, reducing workpiece thermal deformation. Low thermal conductivity of the material for grinding is very appropriate. A variety of spray (welding) Material: nickel, iron, etc.; cast iron type material: vanadium - titanium cast iron, high-phosphorus iron, chilled cast iron, etc.; titanium: such as TC4 and so on.
(3) high efficiency, good overall  abrasive tools economic efficiency. Sharp grinding, grinding force is small, CBN grinding wheel dressing cycle is long, finishing less the amount, the replacement for a long time; long life cycle, grinding ratio, getting a better economy, in use to maintain good shape, without regular replacement wheel and wheel dressing, saving time, improving working conditions, is conducive to the machining operation.
The wheel parameters are abrasive, viscosity, hardness, binders, shape, size and so on.
Since wheel usually work at high speed, thus turning test should be carried out before use (guaranteed wheel at the maximum operating speed, not break) and static balance test (to prevent machine  metal cutting wheel vibrations caused by the work).
Wheel made of various shapes and sizes, several commonly used wheel shape, size, code and uses the wheel diameter selected to be larger as far as possible, to improve the grinding wheel peripheral speed, so that the productivity of the process and improve the grinding surface Roughness advantageous, in addition, the stiffness and power tools permit conditions, such as the selection wheel larger width, the same can improve productivity and reduce the roughness receiving effect, but the high heat-sensitive material in the grinding, to avoid artifacts burns and surface cracks.

Some applications of ceramic diamond wheel range

A ceramic bond diamond wheel with high strength, heat resistance, cutting sharp, high grinding efficiency, grinding process is not easy fever and congestion, a small amount of thermal expansion to control the machining accuracy. Compared with resin bonded grinding wheels, resin bonded diamond grinding wheel he solved the low life expectancy, low  grinding wheel manufacture efficiency grinding, abrasive grinding process itself variability issue.
Two ceramic grinding wheel bond diamond wheel above advantages, a wide range of European and American countries appear immediately applied on the wafer (semiconductor silicon and solar wafers), PDC, polycrystalline diamond, diamond tools, cubic boron nitride, tungsten steel (carbide), new engineering structural ceramics, precious stones, crystal, rare earth materials (magnetic) contour machining hard and brittle materials, and  grinding wheel achieved good economic benefits. 1, by the heat-resistant steel and high hardness (HRC55 or more) of alloy steel precision parts grinding and finish grinding.
2, mild steel grinding is preferred.
3, large precision parts (Machine Tool, precision ball screw, etc.) for fine grinding and finish grinding.
4, special steel, such as tungsten, tungsten molybdenum high speed steel, vanadium steel, cobalt alloy, special  Sanding disc high-speed steel tool sharpening, heat-resistant steels difficult to machine the workpiece super finishing, and other hardened tool steel honing.
5, the heat-resistant, stainless steel and high hardness (HRC55 or more) of alloy steel precision parts made of fine grinding and finish grinding.
6, in the automatic or semi-automatic machines for mass production of parts such as instrument and miniature bearing components.
7, requires a good angular wheel retention of complex surface parts (gear shaper cutters, broaches, precision gears, cam, red top) grinding.
8 of titanium grinding grinding wheel CBN is the best choice.